Product Description

P2X receptors are a family of ligand-gated ion channels activated by extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Seven subtypes have been identified in mammals (P2X1–P2X7), each encoded by distinct genes and displaying unique tissue distributions, kinetics, and pharmacological properties. Structurally, each P2X subunit contains two transmembrane domains, a large extracellular loop with the ATP-binding site, and intracellular N- and C-termini. Three subunits assemble to form a functional trimeric channel. Upon ATP binding, P2X receptors undergo conformational changes that open a cation-permeable pore, allowing Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ influx and K⁺ efflux, thereby triggering diverse downstream signaling pathways. P2X receptors play critical roles in neurotransmission, pain sensation, inflammation, smooth muscle contraction, and immune regulation. Certain subtypes have specific physiological and pathological relevance: P2X3 is implicated in chronic pain and refractory cough; P2X4 contributes to neuropathic pain and central nervous system disorders; P2X7 is involved in inflammatory cytokine release and cell death. Due to their widespread expression and disease associations, P2X receptors have emerged as attractive therapeutic targets. Selective agonists and antagonists are being investigated for the treatment of pain, inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer.

Screeningbio’s P2X7 cell line stable express non-tag full length human P2X7 receptor in HEK293 cell. When activated, P2X7 cell line response to extracellular stimuli (e.g. ATP) and result in channel opening and calcium influx. Increase of intercellular calcium was detected by calcium sensitive dye.